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Found 53 search results for: European Union
Bogumiła Mucha-Leszko, Czesław Skowronek (2022/1, Book Reviews,
Andrzej Czyżewski, Ryszard Kata, Anna Matuszczak (2022/1, Articles,
Expenditure of Poland’s Agricultural Budgets in the Context of Selected Macroeconomic Relations
The article analyses the dynamics and structure of agricultural expenditure in Polish state budgets in 1995–2020, which is the basis for considerations on the relationship between budget expenditure on agriculture and the dynamics of GDP and the dynamics of the state budget. The analysis concerned both nominal values and values adjusted by the CPI inflation index. In the pre-accession (...)
Hilal Abacı (2021/2, Miscellanea,
Benefiting from European Union financial aid since 1963, Turkey has been receiving financial support as part of the Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance (IPA II) (2014–2020) available to candidate and potential candidate countries. There were 3 687 EU grant-assisted projects implemented in Turkey under the responsibility of the Central Finance and Contracts Unit (CFCU) until 2016. The (...)
Levent Şahin, Dilek Kutluay Şahin (2020/6, Miscellanea,
Impact of Industrial Robot Use on Exports in European Countries – an Empirical Analysis
In this paper, the relationship between the volume of export and the number of industrial robots in the selected European countries is examined by using the simultaneous equation models. Panel data of Austria, Belgium, Czechia, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom are used. The study covers (...)
Tomasz Grodzicki, Mateusz Jankiewicz (2020/4, Miscellanea,
Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in the European Union: A Causality Analysis
Energy sector is one of the most important matters in the economic policies of the European Union since it has a significant impact on the quality of life and economic growth. The aim of this paper is to examine the causal relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in the European Union, based on the data from the period of 1960–2015. Using a Granger causality test (...)
Tadeusz Baczko (2020/3, Book Reviews,
Strengthening the Knowledge Base for Innovation in the European Union, (ed.) Marzenna Anna Weresa
Eliza Przeździecka (2020/3, Miscellanea,
The aim of the article is to determine the probable changes in the FDI flows between the member states of the European Union and Japan, which may occur as the result of the implementation of the Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) between the EU and Japan. The FDI flows between the EU and Japan hitherto constituted an important element of the mutual economic relations. The article brings (...)
Maria Magdalena Jagielska (2020/1, Miscellanea,
Cultural Involvement of Enterprises as a Part of Corporate Social Responsibility
The concept of Corporate Social Responsibility is now much better recognized and more widely discussed in Poland than before. The year 2018 was legislatively the first year in which, according to the directive of the European Union, large and medium- sized enterprises became obliged to report their CSR strategies or to explain the reasons of non-compliance. The article, referring to the (...)
Piotr Rubaj (2020/1, Miscellanea,
Emerging Markets: Prospective Directions for Polish Exports
Poland’s economy is closely connected with European markets, particularly within the European Union: almost 90% of Polish commodity export goes to European countries and 80% is absorbed by other EU countries. The common European market is absorptive, safe and stabile, and goods and services sold there are duty free. But the high concentration of exports in this market implies a strong (...)
Józef Orczyk (2020/1, Articles,
Regional Dimension of Social Policy
The article includes considerations and author’s proposals concerning the regional dimension of social policy. This aspect of social policy has not been investigated widely so far. The scope of regionalism and its forms are linked with the dominant social doctrine in a given country. They reflected in the ratio of territorial self-governments’ own incomes against those of the state budget (...)
Bogdan Klepacki (2019/6, Book Reviews,
Eliza Przeździecka, Rumiana Górska, Andżelika Kuźnar, Jerzy Menkes (2019/6, Articles,
The Effects of EU–Japan Economic Partnership Agreement for Poland’s Economy
The article analyzes the impact of the EU–Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) on Poland’s economy. The authors investigate the effects of a bilateral elimination of customs duties on the economy using the Computable General Equilibrium framework and the GTAP database. The impact of the bilateral elimination of customs duties on GDP, production, trade and social welfare in Poland is (...)
Meda Andrijauskiené, Daiva Dumčiuviené (2019/5, Articles,
A remarkable increase in the attention devoted to national innovative capacity (NIC) has been noticed over the last decades. There is a strong debate whether a country’s national innovative capacity is solely determined by local factors or it is also influenced by global network position and international economic activities. Furthermore, despite its importance, there is a lack of studies (...)
Andrzej Czyżewski, Ryszard Kata, Anna Matuszczak (2019/1, Articles,
Budget expenditures are the main instrument for the implementation of the allocation function of public finances with reference to agriculture and rural development, because of their influence on agricultural resources and socio-economic processes occuring in the rural areas. The purpose of the article was to determine the impact of budget expenditures on the allocation of production (...)
Dorota Wawrzyniak (2018/3, Articles,
Verifying the Environmental Kuznets Curve for European Union Countries
The aim of this article is to analyze the impact of energy consumption, trade openness, foreign direct investment and GDP on CO2 emissions in European Union countries within the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) framework. The econometric study was egzemplarz redakcyjny Key Text conducted using a sample covering the UE-28 countries (excluding Luxembourg) in years 1990–2013. The empirical (...)
Andrzej Czyżewski, Sebastian Stępień (2017/6, Articles,
New Economic Foundations of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) of European Union
The aim of the article is to assess the evolution of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) of the European Union in the context of the concepts of industrial and sustainable development, as alternative options reflecting the neoliberal vs institutional model of economy. The authors try to assess various instruments of this policy from the point of view of: (1) reasoning behind the financial (...)
Łukasz Ambroziak (2017/5, Articles,
The aim of the paper was to assess the competitive position of ten new EU member states of Central Eastern Europe in the trade in high and medium-high technology goods in the period 1995–2011. The competitive position in the trade in such goods is considered as an indicator of the country’s innovativeness. The assessment of this position of individual countries of the group was based on (...)
Andrzej Cieślik, Jan Michałek (2017/5, Articles,
Innovations and Export Performance of New EU Member States
The paper analyzes the relationship between different forms of innovations and export performance of firms located in Central Eastern European countries, the new member states (NMS) of the European Union (EU). The analytical framework refers to the new trade theory literature based on the model that stresses the importance of firm productivity in entering the export markets. The authors (...)
Tomasz Kubin (2017/4, Articles,
External Financial Aid and Economic Reforms in Greece as Anticrisis Measures and Their Effects
Greece was most keenly hit by the global economic crisis among all EU countries. As a state, Greece has de facto become bankrupt; a formal declaration of insolvency has been avoided thanks to external financial aid received. In this connection, radical economic reforms have been introduced. The article tries to assess economic effects of these reforms and of financial aid from abroad. The (...)
Zbigniew Matkowski, Mariusz Próchniak, Ryszard Rapacki (2016/6, Articles,
Real Income Convergence between Central Eastern and Western Europe: Past, Present, and Prospects
The paper presents an analysis of real income convergence between 11 countries of Central Eastern Europe which have joined the European Union (EU11) and 15 countries of Western Europe (EU15) in the period 1993–2015. The evolution of the income gap between the two groups of countries in terms of GDP per capita at PPP reveals a clear-cut tendency to income convergence over the analyzed period (...)
Sławomir Juszczyk, Piotr Gołasa, Marcin Wysokiński (2016/5, Articles,
The paper deals with the redistributive function of the EU CAP to support farm incomes. The theoretical part presents evidence of state interventionism in agriculture and the justifi cation for its redistributive function. The empirical part contains an analysis of the impact of the fi nancial transfers received from the EU on income distribution among farmers in Poland in the period 2004 (...)
Jolanta Iwin-Garzyńska (2016/4, Miscellanea,
The Common Consolidated Corporate Tax Base (CCCTB) and Enterprise Finance
On March 2011, the European Commission has accepted the project of the directive on the Common Consolidated Corporate Tax Base (CCCTB), the aim of which is to remove obstacles in the functioning of the internal market and to increase the degree of tax harmonization within the European Union. The aim of the paper is to present the essence of the CCCTB in the framework of business finance (...)
Adam P. Balcerzak, Michał Bernard Pietrzak (2016/3, Articles,
Institutional effectiveness of European Union countries
The article is devoted to measuring the effectiveness of institutional systems of European Union countries in terms of their relevance to the requirements of the global knowledgebased economy. The theoretical analysis is based on the framework of new institutional economics with special consideration to economics of transaction costs. There are two main aims of the article. The main aim of (...)
Jerzy Osiatyński (2016/3, Articles,
Quo vadis euro – Unio? Perspektywa ekonomii postkeynesowskiej
The strategy adopted by the European Central Bank, European Commission and International Monetary Fund after the outbreak of the global crisis aims at creating new, sustainable foundations for economic growth for member states of the eurozone and of the whole European Union, at full employment and the dynamics of output corresponding to the potential output. This strategy is based on the (...)
Tomasz Panek, Jan Zwierzchowski (2016/2, Articles,
In 2010, the European Council determined 5 major aims of the strategy ‘Europe 2020’. One of those aims concerned the promotion of social integration, notably by reducing the extent of poverty. The authors of the paper propose a method of measuring the poverty which could help to identify the EU countries having the biggest numbers of the poor and which should receive the biggest financial (...)
Krzysztof Beck, Jakub Janus (2016/1, Articles,
Similarity of Supply and Demand Shocks between Poland and Other EU Countries
The aim of this paper is to assess the correlation and relative magnitude of supply and demand shocks between Poland and other European Union (EU) countries, as well as to evaluate adjustments to economic shocks in these economies. The analysis is based on a bivariate structural vector autoregression (SVAR) with long-run restrictions derived from the aggregate demand-aggregate supply model (...)
Krzysztof Firlej (2016/1, Book Reviews,
Grzegorz Ślusarz (2015/3, Book Reviews,
Grzegorz Tchorek (2015/3, Book Reviews,
Crisis and Stabilization Policy in the European Union, red. Piotr Albiński
Irena Szarowská (2014/6, Articles,
This article deals with development and trends of government expenditure in the core European Union member states (EU15) in the period 1995-2010. The aim is to provide direct empirical evidence on cyclicality and the long-term and short-term relationship between government expenditure and GDP. Adjusted annual Eurostat data of GDP and government expenditure in compliance with the COFOG (...)
Aneta Hryckiewicz, Małgorzata Pawłowska (2014/4, Articles,
Changes in the Financial Supervision and Their Impact on the Financial System in the EU Countries
The aim of the paper is to assess various models of financial supervision existing in the world, trying to answer the question whether current changes in the shape of the supervision over financial markets can improve the effectiveness of the oversight and reduce the consequences of future crises. The paper brings two interesting conclusions. First, there is no single optimal model of (...)
Marian Gorynia (2014/2, Articles,
The paper gives the analysis of the changing position of Poland’s economy in the global economy and the EU economy in the period of 2003–2012. The first part of the paper gives the analysis of the growth of GDP, exports and imports, and inward and outward flows of foreign direct investments against the background of the changes of the same variables. The second part presents the (...)
Zdzisław Sadowski (2014/2, Articles,
Economic Development and Poverty
The increasing level of inequality in income distribution observable in world economic development is a serious threat for the future. What can be expected is gradual deterioration of average living conditions. One serious cause is population growth which is remembered but not discussed here. Attention is focused on the other active factor which is financialisation of the economic system (...)
Jacek Jankiewicz (2013/5, Miscellanea,
The Global Financial and Economic Crisis and Consumer Expectations in the European Union
Katarzyna Piłat (2012/3, Articles,
The Index of Optimum Currency Area for the Polish Economy
The theory of the optimum currency areas (OCA) is an important reference point in the analysis of monetary unions. The article presents the analysis of the synthetic OCA index based on the concept developed by Bayoumi and Eichengreen (1998), aimed to assess the conformity of several EU economies not yet included in the euro area with the requirements of the OCA theory as regards their (...)
Jerzy Osiatyński (2011/5, Articles,
Preconditions of Poland’s Entry to the Euro Area
A ssuming that the European Economic and Monetary Union survives its current financial crisis, the author tries to answer the question what conditions Poland should meet prior to entering the eurozone that would enable it to maintain and strengthen its competitive position after the entry to the euro area. The ability of any free trade zone member country to sustain its competitive position (...)
Stanisław Urbański (2011/5, Articles,
Cross-Section Changes of Rates of Return on the Shares Traded on the Warsaw Stock Exchange
The paper presents an econometric CAPM model, which describes changes of rates of return on the shares traded on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. It analyses the components of systematic risk and risk premium vectors in the years preceding Poland’s accession to the European Union. The algorithm used for the description of rates of return combines hitherto Fama and French research and results from (...)
Urszula Płowiec (2011/4, Essays,
Poland in the European Union: Some Reflections about the Future
Grzegorz Bywalec (2011/3, Miscellanea,
The Development of Trade and FDI Flows Between the European Union and India
Andrzej Czyżewski, Sebastian Stępień (2011/1, Articles,
Common Agricultural Policy of the EU After 2013 and the Interests of the Polish Agriculture
The paper presents some proposals as to the changes of the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union (CAP) in the context of the development needs of Poland’s agriculture. The ultimate decisions of the European Commission on the subject are to be taken in July 2011, just at the beginning of the Polish presidency in the EU. It is important that new regulations are conducive to the (...)
Urszula Płowiec (2010/5, Articles,
On the Innovative Strength of Poland in the 2020 Perspective
What the rich countries primarily need to maintain their growth and welfare is stimulation of development by technological innovations. In the case of the less developed ones acceleration of development is much more difficult and needs a holistic and long-term approach. This is shown by what was achieved in economic theory of the institutional and neo (...)
Ryszard Rapacki, Mariusz Próchniak (2010/4, Miscellanea,
Aleksandra Parteka, Joanna Wolszczak-Derlacz (2010/3, Articles,
Wage Convergence in the European Union (1995–2005)
This paper presents empirical analysis of relative wage convergence in the group of 20 countries of enlarged EU (five New Member States: Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Hungary plus former EU15 economies) within the period 1995-2005. The study is based on recently released sector level data (12 manufacturing sectors) which allows us to analyze the convergence process concerning (...)
Sławomir I. Bukowski (2010/2, Book Reviews,
Leokadia Oręziak, Finances of the European Union
Anna Zielińska-Głębocka (2008/4, Book Reviews,
Ewa Gałecka (2008/3, Miscellanea,
Spanish Labor Market within the European Union
Marek Belka (2007/6, Articles,
Enlargement of the European Monetary Union and the perspectives of economic development of Poland
Nowadays Poland possesses a comparative advantage arising from relatively lower production costs. However, it is apparent, that this advantage is fading away. The sources of the process lie, among others, in Poland’s exposure to manufactures from beyond the European Union, from countries that are developing more dynamically than Poland. This process is unavoidable. Moreover, our lower-cost (...)
Grzegorz W. Kołodko (2007/6, Articles,
Two-thirds of Success. Systemic Transformation in Poland and Lessons for the Future
Postsocialist transformation must be seen against the background of ongoing globalization. The progress toward institutional changes should be evaluated through the prism of their influence on country’s development abilities. In Poland, over eighteen years of comprehensive systemic shift, GDP has increased more than in any other postsocialist country. While judging the transformation (...)
Tadeusz Kowalik (2007/6, Articles,
Transformation in Poland and Liberal Orientations
The successes of economic transformation in Poland were accompanied by a series of negative phenomena which emerged with greater intensity than in any other country in Central Europe and in the European Union. In terms of comparative economics, the most important features of the present socioeconomic order in Poland are the following: 1) massive and permanent unemployment; 2) slightly more (...)
Zdzisław Sadowski (2007/6, Articles,
From the Controversies Around Transformation Toward the Strategy of Development
Assessment of the Polish transformation proved to be a controversial subject. Over a number of years it seemed clear that transformation was highly successful in introducing rather quickly a democratic liberal system together with a market economy. Lately, however, this was put in doubt, when an anti-liberal stand was adopted by the governing party and the idea of creating a state based on (...)
Jerzy Kleer (2007/5, Miscellanea,
Public Sector in the European Union
Józef Misala (2007/5, Book Reviews,
Piotr Pysz (2007/3, Articles,
Walter Eucken’s Idea of the Ordoliberal Economic Policy
Walter Eucken asserted that Adam Smith’s invisible hand should necessarily be supported by the economic policy aiming at the creation of competitive order in the economy. This article presents the theoretical foundations of the ordoliberal concept of such a policy. The said concept stresses, at the same time, the requirement that individuals enjoy life freedoms in concordance with the (...)
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